Political system classified according to their ideological base
Capitalism
Socialism
Communism
Democracy
Totalitarianism
Fascism
Monarchism
Conservatism
Theocracy
Judaism
FEATURES OF CAPITALISM
(1) Capital or the means of production is owned, operated and traded for the purpose of generating profits for private owners or shareholders.
(2) Goods and services are produced to make profit is reinvested into the economy to fuel economic growth.
FEATURES OF SOCIALISM
(1) The means of production are owned by public enterprise or co-operatives and individuals are compensated based on the principle of individual contribution.
(2) Production may variously be coordinated through either economic planning or markets.
FEATURES OF DEMOCRACY
(1) Elected Representative: In democracy representatives elected by the people make laws and frame policies of the government.
(2) Elections are held to elect the representative: All adult citizens have the right to participate in the election. Elections should be free and fair and must be held at regular intervals.
FEATURES OF TOTALITARIANISM
(1) There exist an ideology that addresses all aspect of life and outline means to attain the final goal, and a single mass party through which the people are mobilized to muster energy and support. The party is generally led by a clictor and, typically, participate in politics is compulsory.
(2) Autocrats attempt to exercise control over the lives of their subjects, by whatever means were available to them, including the use of secret police and military force.
(3) There is a central control and direction of the entire economy.
(4) There is a similar monopolizing of the means of effective mass communication.
FEATURES OF MONARCHISM
(1) Government with monarchic attributes are ruled by a king/emperor or a queen/empress who inherit their position from their family, which is often called the “royal family”.
(2) It has complete control over body of people in country
(3) It is only rule by one person.
FEATURES OF CONSERVATISM
(1) There is an assumption that human beings are driven by their passions and desires and are therefore naturally prone to selfishness, anarchy, irrationality, and violence.
(2) Conservatives reject the optimistic view that human beings can be morally improved through political and social change.
(3) Conservatives who are Christians sometime express this point by saying beings are guilty of original sin.
THEOCRACY
(1) Directed by God and divinely blessed.
(2) Intolerant either passively or overtly to faiths other than that recognized by the state.
(3) The country identifies itself and its laws within religion and religious doctrine.
FEATURES OF JUDAISM
(1) Those incorporated in the Hebrew bible are now part and parcel of the cultural heritage of the western world and have exerted a profound influence on its literature and art.
(2) During the middle ages, Jews were among the principal transmitters of Middle Eastern and North African tales to the west, so that many familiar Eastern stories can be traced to Jewish Compilations.
(3) Since these stories have been accumulated through centuries of constant of migration, they provide an unrivalled body of “Clinical Material for studying the process by which popular tales in fact travel and are transformed.
FEATURES OF FASCISM
(1) The government operates a one-party system, and therefore disallows the existence of political opposition.
(2) The individual may be killed in the process of carrying out the goals and objectives of the state.
(3) The leader has all the executive, legislative and judicial powers of the state, and determines both the character and extent of state power.
(4) A fascist government has absolute control over all aspects of citizens given, e.g freedom of speech, association, religion and education.
FEATURES OF COMMUNISM
(1) Communist states are characterized by highly centralized economic planning, as well as decision making, on the production of goods and services.
(2) One party system obtains, and opposition is hardly tolerated in the state. The government often applies coercive means to implement its policies and programmes.
REFERENCES
Mcmillan, “Conservatism”,
Concise Oxford Dictionary of Politics, Third Edition.
Oxford University Press,
2009, ISBN
978-0-19-920516-5
Frank O’ Corman (2003).
Edmund Burke: His Political
Philosophy. Routledgs. P. 171.
ISBN 9780415326841
Stanlis, Peter J. Edmund
Burke: Selected writings and Speeches, New York;
Transaction Publishers (2009), P. 18.
